Mainstream boards(socket 115x) support celerons, pentiums, i3s, i5s and i7s(sockets and chipsets do have to be compatible).
With enthusiast level boards socket 1366, 2011, 2011-3 use i7s, Socket 2066 uses i7s, the new i9s, and 1 model of i5(the i5-7640X). Sounds to me like you have an enthusiast board. Some of these also support certain Xeons cpus.