Laptops have these great antennas that wrap around behind the display, which is mostly surrounded by plastic. These are often 2x2 or even 3x3 antennas.
Desktops generally have this single (1x1) 3 inch long antenna that is sitting behind this massive chunk of steel, that is blocking the wi-fi signal. Sometimes, the desktop antenna is actually inside of that massive chunk of steel, which is even worse.
There are better antennas that you can buy. But that only works if whatever antenna you have now is detachable, and you can get extender cables and/or better antennas. At the very least you want an antenna that you can get up and above that big metal case so that it can get a good signal. And if what you have is a single antenna, you are...