is unlocking my phone like this safe

Locked means you can't use any other carrier other than the bands licensed by Vodafone. Getting it unlocked allows you to use any sim with your phone.
Getting updates would not be affected whether the phone is locked or not.
Rooting is something different.
If you still in a contract, I would just wait until Vodaphone allow you to unlock it. If you need to change your carrier now or soon, you have to unlock your phone via other methods like the one your suggested.