News Japanese Government Invests $500 Million in New Chipmaking Venture

They stated they're attempting to regain the 'bleeding edge'. A fab at that level is a $50B project. Their $500M investment is only 1% of that ... a razor-thin margin.

I think Tom's added the bleeding-edge bit. The Rueters article only says "advanced chips".

2 nm was only in reference to a joint research center with the US. Not production.

To your correct point about the extreme expense of a new fab - " the bleeding-edge" is named that for a reason. Because there is pain involved.