You can do a custom watercooling loop in a small case to keep the noise down to a minimum. I think the optical drive requirement is a bit of a challenge.
I have a Cougar QBX with an i7-8700k+AIO and a 2080 ti with a triple fan cooler and the rig runs about 7dB above ambient while gaming, although I did cut out all grills and put wire grills for better airflow. I am not using any filters. I found that the bottom filter included with the case completely restricted airflow. The QBX does support an optical drive, but it has to be a slot loader.
*Actually, the QBX supports a full-size PSU but it will be in the way of a full length GPU so you can't have both. I use an SFX-L psu so the triple fan GPU can fit. I believe it might work if...