When 5xx boards were first released it was intended for 3xxx series Ryzen. 5xxx came after which required bios update for the new gen 5xxx series processors to work. Since then, it has been a long time now, i doubt there's any 5xx boards left in stock that hasn't had the appropriate bios applied from manufacturer, but it could be old stock but highly doubtful. Only way of knowing that is put in an older processor. Motherboard box should say 5th gen ready.
Motherboard video ports won't work without an apu cpu. Your cpu doesn't have integrated graphics so these ports are inactive.
No post beeps or indicators of something wrong is a hard one. Just check again power cables, psu end if modular, if everything checks out you'd try some fresh eyes to help you out, a friend or Micro Center if need be.