Review Noctua NH-P1 Review: For those who demand silence

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"Can only be mounted one direction on AMD systems"

If you email Noctua support they'll send you brackets for free to rotate it 90 degrees.

I run one of these in a completely fanless home server system. Except the X570 chip set got a bit hot so a did mount a small, slow, silent Noctua fan next to it. Also the case is a weird vertical tower chimney affair: Nofan CS-70
I'll second this, as they did it for me for my system a few years back.

Complete with a german shipping notification and shipment from germany to the US.

Shipping at their expense no less!
 
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"Can only be mounted one direction on AMD systems"

If you email Noctua support they'll send you brackets for free to rotate it 90 degrees.

I run one of these in a completely fanless home server system. Except the X570 chip set got a bit hot so a did mount a small, slow, silent Noctua fan next to it. Also the case is a weird vertical tower chimney affair: Nofan CS-70
I spoke to Noctua after the review, who provided this information.

"
Regarding PCIe clearance on AMD, the intended default orientation is
with the bendings of the heatpipes towards the RAM (so that the cooler
doesn't overhang your RAM) and the tips towards the I/O panel, like
this:

nh_p1_8_1.jpg


This way, you should have no issues clearing the PCIe (it's built
asymmetrically)."

We'll be updating the review shortly. Apologies for the human error!
 
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@Albert.Thomas , what "stock" is being referenced, here? Is that a short-hand way of saying something like "maximum achievable performance at stock settings, using the best coolers"? To make matters even more confusing, you also refer to the fanless configuration of the NH-P1 as its "stock configuration".

p4kZ7rfLYDVpFsA6LNSyYE-970-80.png

Also, I could find no specs, in the article, on which "Fan" was used.

The article text suggests this graph should have "NH-P1 Vertical" as the middle bar. Although, there's some slight discrepancy, since the article says 184 is the result for vertical orientation w/o fan, whereas the graph's middle reading is 186. So, either 4 configurations were tested and a different middle one was shown than discussed, or the graph and/or text is incorrect.

EFDTf4PiHVgC3m9rje6JaE-970-80.png


Finally, I reiterate my earlier point that Intel results should have an asterisk, specifying that you used a contact frame. I also think it's important that you specify which case you used (including any mods to the fans or case fan curves you did).
 
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They are still quite different though, the P1 has much larger spacing between the fins and different fin design.
I'm well aware of the differences, believe me!

The only reason I thought to mention the weight of the NH-D15 G2 is to give a point of reference, which is another large Noctua air cooler that many people will also be familiar with.

I do think it's interesting they have the exact same weight. I wonder if this is an upper limit specified by one of the sockets they support? Seems more than coincidence they match out to the 4th digit, except the the D15 adds 2 fans to that figure, while the P1 should normally have at most 1 fan.
 
what "stock" is being referenced, here
I believe stock is referring to the 9950X3D power consumption in Cinebench MT without PBO which is something basically every tower cooler with decent mounting should be capable of.
Although, there's some slight discrepancy, since the article says 184 is the result for vertical orientation w/o fan, whereas the graph's middle reading is 186.
Vertical without fan is missing from that graph.
 
It ain't power consumption that's the problem, it's the heat density. To put this in better perspective, that's the same amount of power a single Ryzen core will use under full load - and those also get hot!
I'm not really clear on your point, here.

Also, just to fact check you on that claim about the CPU, a Ryzen core can dissipate a fair bit more than 12W. My stock 5800X claims CCD power goes up to 18.5W with a strenuous single-thread workload. That's not overclocked, in any way. Wall power goes up by an astonishing 41 W, but some of that is the IO die and DRAM. If I schedule a second thread on that same core, power goes up by about 5W (to 23.5W) both at the CCD and the wall.

But, desktop CPUs also have a chunk of copper to disperse the heat, before it hits the base of the cooler. So, the hot spot seen by the cooler is larger than one CPU core.

When talking about SSDs, some of the power budget is used by the NAND. It's not only the controller that's burning power and that's certainly not the only part needing cooling.
 
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Ehh loudness is a factor of rotation speed more then anything. A 40mm internal fan spinning at several thousand RPM is going to be more audible then an external 140mm fan spinning at less then 1000 RPM. The larger fan moves a lot more air while being quieter.
I once built a machine with all Noctua fans - the best available at the time. The motherboard didn't have a PWM header for the front intake, so that 140 mm fan ran at full speed. The result, at idle, was a lot of whooshing noise, with a dull hum underneath. Don't estimate how much noise air can make, especially when it hits obstructions.
 
And then, if you take a step back from all that, this noctua cooler feels remarkably sedate and realistic for a passive cooler, even if it's neither as effective nor probably as independently good at cooling as the total absurdity I just dove into.
Thanks for that very informative and thoughtful post. I'm not sure if it answered the premise, or maybe I just got lost along the way.

So, I'd guess that, in a fairly free-flowing case (let's say one with a wide open vent in the top of the case that would normally accommodate a liquid cooling radiator) you'd get better noise-normalized performance by using one fan on this heatsink, than by placing two such fans as front-mounted case intake fans. Same fan curve, in both cases, tied to the CPU temperature.

What do you think?
 
It is not a dream and it can be done, just costs extra because passive components are always mlre expensive.

Pick a 65W Ryzen, you can cool something like RTX 5050 passively without issues. You already mentioned SSD, pick of a good MBO with solid chipset cooler (or add beefier cooler yourself). And passive PSUs do exist, besides, this wouldn't need more than 400W PSU. People have had been using 450W PSUs for years, I've seen posts of people using same one for 7+ years, so that's completely non-issue.
I aim for "unnoticeable" rather than silent, because with birds singing outside, and airplanes, trains and a motorway not too far off, a completely silent PC is of little benefit. A tinnitus doesn't help either...

And even there I am ready to compromise a bit: I rather prefer my RTX 4090 workstation to remain safe to operate under full load, if and when I use it that way: I'm likely to have a headphone on when I game anyway and when it's crunching CUDA workloads, I'm likely to flee the room, because my waiting around won't help and I flee the heat more than the noise.

But I'm not always using these machines at full load and then I mostly don't want to be distracted. So if I can get all my equipment to not go beyond unnoticeable levels of white noise below what comes in through the ancient walls of my house or the open windows, I count that as a win and spend elsewhere.

If I can translate passive into less maintenance or higher reliability, that's something I follow, too. But that's rarely the case when workloads go beyond 10 Watts.
 
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I'm not really clear on your point, here.

My point is that "only 12W" doesn't really matter - it's the heat density and how hot the controller gets which matters. As an example, here's the results of my NVMe heatsink test featuring a drive powered by Phison's notoriously hot E26 controller. About half of the heatsinks will encounter throttling if running PCI-e 5 and an actually stressful load.

dF2W6GuD57AQ5pCrKgJN5m.png


When talking about SSDs, some of the power budget is used by the NAND. It's not only the controller that's burning power and that's certainly not the only part needing cooling.
I certainly agree, but NAND is very easy to cool. The SSD's controller is what produces the vast majority of the heat on a SSD.
 
My point is that "only 12W" doesn't really matter - it's the heat density and how hot the controller gets which matters.
Yeah, but you're not arguing that the NH-P1 isn't massive overkill for a SSD, right? That was certainly my point.

I don't know how many of the tested configuration that performed better than the PCIe 5 throttling threshold were fanless, but I see at least two "(no fan)" configurations listed. That says a much smaller passive cooler can be adequate for such a task.

As an example, here's the results of my NVMe heatsink test featuring a drive powered by Phison's notoriously hot E26 controller. About half of the heatsinks will encounter throttling if running PCI-e 5 and an actually stressful load.

dF2W6GuD57AQ5pCrKgJN5m.png
To nit pick, that's 39% of testing configs (12 out of 31) above the "PCIe 5 Throttling" line, by my count.

So, what TIM did you use? Was it possibly whatever thermal pads the SSD cooler happened to include? If so, that's one glaring difference between these SSD coolers and a CPU cooler - the quality of the included TIM. If you use 0.5 mm thermal pads on a CPU, I'll bet even the best heatsinks will perform poorly.
 
This is super interesting!

This made me wonder though... if it's theoretically possible to run a completely silent, fanless system, maybe for some basic stuff.

I imagine this cooler could possibly handle weaker CPUs no problem. I mean, I have an oversized 160W cooler strapped to a 65W CPU, and when the fan died some time ago, the system's temps remained somewhere about high 30s / low 40s range, purely from the sheer size of the heatsink (and some help from the case fans, I guess).

Like, throw in a more power efficient CPU with integrated graphics, an SSD with no moving parts, this hunk of a cooler, stuff them all in a relatively "open" case, it might be even possible to not bother with case fans and have a completely silent PC. That would feel like black magic!

EDIT : Oh right... the fan in the PSU...
I forgot about it. Maybe just place the PSU outside the case.... or something.

I guess one can only dream...
Yeah that already exists, tablets, phones and SBCs are a good example of passively cooled systems and although they are low power due to the small size it could be scaled up to normal PC component size.
 
To nit pick, that's 39% of testing configs (12 out of 31) above the "PCIe 5 Throttling" line, by my count.

So, what TIM did you use? Was it possibly whatever thermal pads the SSD cooler happened to include? If so, that's one glaring difference between these SSD coolers and a CPU cooler - the quality of the included TIM. If you use 0.5 mm thermal pads on a CPU, I'll bet even the best heatsinks will perform poorly.
Indeed. While I understand that some users will be interested in upgrading their performance by using 3rd party pads (SSDs) or pastes (CPU coolers), I always test the product with the thermal interface provided by the manufacturer.

I suppose testing with a universal thermal interface compound in the future might be something to consider.
 
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I suppose testing with a universal thermal interface compound in the future might be something to consider.
Even though I have plenty of different TIM available to me and can use whatever I want I think the way you do testing is a lot more useful to the average user even if it ends up having more variables: in a case with everything the cooler comes with.

I'm not sure how feasible it would be, but maybe a yearly best of roundup with a universal paste and maybe top tier fans for the top 3-5 coolers you've tested.
 
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Indeed. While I understand that some users will be interested in upgrading their performance by using 3rd party pads (SSDs) or pastes (CPU coolers), I always test the product with the thermal interface provided by the manufacturer.

I suppose testing with a universal thermal interface compound in the future might be something to consider.
To be clear, I was just contrasting CPU coolers with SSD coolers. In many cases, it wouldn't be practical to use CPU TIM with a SSD cooler, due to the need to ensure electrical isolation and potentially accommodate surface-mount components poking above some of the chips.

I think you're right that most people will used the included TIM, especially with something like a SSD cooler. Therefore, it makes the most sense to test them that way.
 
I have an oversized 160W cooler strapped to a 65W CPU, and when the fan died some time ago, the system's temps remained somewhere about high 30s / low 40s range, purely from the sheer size of the heatsink (and some help from the case fans, I guess).

Like, throw in a more power efficient CPU with integrated graphics, an SSD with no moving parts, this hunk of a cooler, stuff them all in a relatively "open" case, it might be even possible to not bother with case fans and have a completely silent PC. That would feel like black magic!
I've dabbled a bit with passive cooling and all I can say is that, even with a great heatsink, a little air movement can make a very big difference. If you wanted to completely get rid of case fans, then I think you'd at least need a case with wide open vents on the bottom and top, so a good convection current could get going.

EDIT : Oh right... the fan in the PSU...
I forgot about it. Maybe just place the PSU outside the case.... or something.
As I think others have said, there are fanless PSUs at least up to about 450 W (and I think I've even seen higher). That's more than enough for a passively-cooled system.

Keep in mind that passively-cooled dGPUs generally top out at about 30W (and even then, they probably expect to have some air circulation from case fan). So, you're probably looking at relying on the iGPU, for graphics.

you can cool something like RTX 5050 passively without issues.
Not a chance! It's rated at 130 W!

I'd be aiming more for something like a passively-cooled GT 1030, which is rated at a mere 20-30W.

What I'd do is also add a few fans, but either setup a master switch to cut them all off, or a well done fan curve that only kicks in when components reach close to 100°C.
The quietest fans are inaudible at about 30% of their rated RPMs. Some fan models will even stop completely, if the PWM duty cycle drops low enough. The safest thing to do is run it in such an inaudible configuration, but with fan curves that will ramp up. If you really don't want to hear the fans, then set power limits low enough that the CPU won't heat up enough for them ever to ramp to an audible speed.

P.s. RTX 5050 is too new so no passive versions on horizon, but if RTX 3050 did it, someone will do a 5050 or maybe RX 9050, just give it some.time...
Okay, I found this:
First thing to know is that it's rated at 70 W, whereas the standard RTX 3050 is rated at 130 W. So, right off the bat, you give up a fair amount by going with the passive version.

Next, look at the size of it! It's a 2.5 slot card!

Finally, read the fine print (from the above web page):

"Utilization of system fans is recommended to facilitate efficient dissipation of GPU heat. (Reference: 2 x 140 mm front fans + 1 x 140 mm rear fan.) The cooling performance relies on the radiator's effectiveness and the presence of airflow within your chassis."

So, they want quite a bit of air movement, in the case, just to dissipate that 70 W.
 
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I've dabbled a bit with passive cooling and all I can say is that, even with a great heatsink, a little air movement can make a very big difference. If you wanted to completely get rid of case fans, then I think you'd at least need a case with wide open vents on the bottom and top, so a good convection current could get going.
Money, you just need lots of money to throw at it then you don't need fans!

https://streacom.com/products/sg10-fanless-gaming-pc-case/

🤣

In all seriousness I think only a limited number of these and MonsterLabo cases ever hit the market (near as I can tell MonsterLabo is dead). Passive is something that a lot of people seem to like the concept of until they see the limitations and/or price. The vast majority of passive are ~65W CPU (most don't have any GPU, but usually low there too if they do) especially if the price is closer to a regular case.

As for GPU cooling one of the Raijintek coolers can handle up to around 200W passive, but they're absolutely massive and compatibility is varied for cards not on their lists (last time I checked one of the old ones was compatible with lower end cards as an example of this issue): https://www.raijintek.com/en/products_detail.php?ProductID=180

At the end of the day I think passive is best left for the small/lower power market. There are so many ways to minimize noise for higher end machines that it doesn't seem beneficial to go full passive.
 
I thought I had the perfect chassis for my use when this Sharkoon Rebel 9 Value Edtition came out in 2006, which had one giant 220mm fan moving at only 400-500 rpm blowing in from the side onto the top of the mainboard, also cooling whole RAIDs of 3.5" HDDs in their vibe fixers (also from Sharkoon) along the way, with air escaping front and back.

Of course, that was before CPUs and GPUs burned through a Kilowatt of collective power.

The basic idea was that if you make a fan big enough, you can make it run so slow, it becomes inaudible.

Somehow I still think that should work better than just going without moving parts all together, yet I've never again encountered a case like this. Perhaps also, because it was really rather economical, more money to be made on bling.

Luckily only one developed a fan noise early on, which I fixed with a spare. But if another should fail, I'll have to replace the entire chassis, because they stopped selling them around 2012.

On my primary workstation/server, which is designed for a compromise between computing plus storage potential yet modest energy use, it's run 24x7 for better than 15 years and kept things cool in combination with top-blowing CPU coolers (also getting difficult to get).

I believe it started with a Phenom II and is now a Zen 9 5950X, and long included both an LSI RAID controller and an Aquantia 10Gbit NIC in addition to a low-middle class GPU, each of which will easily add a minimum of 5 Watts in heat even at idle, as will the chipset and 128GB of RAM. And with 8 SATA devices, there is extra power but also lots of cables not all tucked away from view or air flow: I believe few passive systems are quite as busy and crowded as this.

I added a rear 90mm Noctua fan only months ago to deal with an RTX 5070 replacing a GTX 1060, mostly because it's a narrower and compact 2 slot 2 fan PNY design that's somewhat hot-headed when actually used.

Dust getting into moving parts has long been my other motive for avoiding fans, but again the slower the fan, the less of an issue it seems to be. The steel mesh on top of the chassis' big side fan stops quite a lot of the greater particles, which do settle there and would block it eventually, but it's very visible and accessible so I can just vaccuum them off using a small Dyson I always keep close. The side fan itself stays dust free, even after a long period, but it will blow through smaller particles.

Those collect mainly behind the front grill pieces on the way out, which also sport a fibre mesh behind them. But they are also easy to take off and vacuum without stopping the machine.

It's the faster moving CPU fans which see some pile-up over months of constant operation, but never yet to the point of blocking. It's a dual fan heatsink, just in case, because it's a server after all, and I used to travel quite a bit with a family that had little tolerance for outages.

The GPUs may have profited for the longest time from the fact that their fans stay off, unless they are used for CUDA or gaming, with the big fan providing enough ambient cooling: I never saw significant dust buildup in them.

On the big workstations this single fan chassis no longer works, and I've never found one with an even bigger fan to compensate. There I'm using the typical front-to-back+top setup with nearly all surface space covered via Noctua fans providing flow with as few rpms as possible while avoiding heat buildup. At close to a Kilowatt unnoticeable becomes impossible, but the noise stays relatively "white": the heat wafting from those towers is driving sweat to my face, as perhaps is thinking about the electricity bill.

Unfortunately, most of the software utilites that come with mainboards for things like fan monitoring are plain terrible from a security, privacy and functional perspective, so I won't ever use them. Fortunately HWinfo or similar Linux tools allow at least active monitoring so I can see if heat sports are building up anywhere, while I thoroughly test my systems for stability and errors every time I change them.

But if anyone knows about an affordable chassis, which is a successor in spirit to the Sharkoon Rebel 9 Value with a big slow fan to match a Kilowatt without raising a ruckus, I'd love to hear about it!
 
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I thought I had the perfect chassis for my use when this Sharkoon Rebel 9 Value Edtition came out in 2006, which had one giant 220mm fan moving at only 400-500 rpm blowing in from the side
Wow, thanks for that! It does seem rather impressive, for 2006.

This is roughly like what I do with CPU coolers. I use a big top-down cooler with a big fan, and then it cools not just the CPU but also RAM, VRMs, chipset, etc.

The basic idea was that if you make a fan big enough, you can make it run so slow, it becomes inaudible.

Somehow I still think that should work better than just going without moving parts all together, yet I've never again encountered a case like this.
Noctua makes some 200 mm fans, which is pretty close to what you described. I have no idea where they're used, but there must be a market for them.

Perhaps also, because it was really rather economical, more money to be made on bling.
Yeah, it's very hard to find a windowless case, these days, in the mid-range or high-end market. You have to get into some specialty territory, before you'll encounter them.

in combination with top-blowing CPU coolers (also getting difficult to get).
Noctua has the NH-L12x77, which I'm using in one chassis, and the NH-C14S, which I'm using in another. On the cheaper end of the spectrum, Thermalright has the SI-100, which I've yet to try, but I snapped one up for the low price of ~$25. In one of the few tests I saw of it, it seemed to outperform the NH-L12x77, but they used the low-profile fan that came with the Noctua cooler, whereas I always replace the fan with a regular-thickness. I think you could even use an oversized model, like the NF-A14x25r G2 PWM, which claims to have 120 mm-compatible mounting holes.

I believe it started with a Phenom II and is now a Zen 9 5950X, and long included both an LSI RAID controller and an Aquantia 10Gbit NIC in addition to a low-middle class GPU, each of which will easily add a minimum of 5 Watts in heat even at idle, as will the chipset and 128GB of RAM. And with 8 SATA devices, there is extra power but also lots of cables not all tucked away from view or air flow: I believe few passive systems are quite as busy and crowded as this.
Oh, don't go passive, in such a box. A lot of that stuff needs some airflow.

I have some WD Gold HDDs that have a specified max operating temp of just 60 C. When I was copying the contents of the prior array onto them, I had them sitting outside the case (since it didn't have room inside for all the old + new drives). Early on, I noticed one of the drives got up to 59 C, and that's sitting out in open air! I quickly connected a case fan, pointed at them, and that was quite effective.

Dust getting into moving parts has long been my other motive for avoiding fans, but again the slower the fan, the less of an issue it seems to be.
The winning formula for dust is a combination of positive-pressure and dust filters on all your intakes. This keeps my case interiors noticeably cleaner, even though the dust filters I use are just the nylon variety. If it can be hidden away neatly, I might experiment with HVAC-grade filter material, for a machine I leave on 24/7.

But if anyone knows about an affordable chassis, which is a successor in spirit to the Sharkoon Rebel 9 Value with a big slow fan to match a Kilowatt without raising a ruckus, I'd love to hear about it!
A trend in cases seems to be having open tops, to facilitate 360mm radiators. Many such cases also have places for bottom-mounted fans. I wonder how you'd make out with a case enabling you to use 2-3 bottom-mounted 140 mm intake fans. If you can put something under the case feet, maybe placing a bit of "egg crate" foam underneath could help control the fan noise.
 
A trend in cases seems to be having open tops, to facilitate 360mm radiators. Many such cases also have places for bottom-mounted fans. I wonder how you'd make out with a case enabling you to use 2-3 bottom-mounted 140 mm intake fans. If you can put something under the case feet, maybe placing a bit of "egg crate" foam underneath could help control the fan noise.
On the kW machines open top makes a lot of sense with heat rising and the fact that most of the backside surface area is already spoken for: unless you have a really tall tower, there is no other place for exhaust fans. Since my machines are under a table, there isn't a lot of dust settling from the top while they are turned off while the fat desk woodtop deflects any direct noise emissions.

Mostly it's just 5 Noctua fans on those high-power cases, two front, two top and one back instead of one, which winds up costing noticeably more.

BTW I went with high pressure NF-A12x25 fans in the front while the top and back are NF-S12A low pressure variants, that won't block convection circulation or air pushed from the front escaping when turned off. The idea being that the front fans would always ensure cooler air entering while the low pressure fans could remain passive until heat started to build up. Mostly they were just the same price anyway and I didn't want to risk strange acoustic phenomena with variable speed high pressure fans working against each other in a closed off case.

The PSUs suck in from the bottom on more modern cases and their filters a) show it's not the best place to draw air from, as the dust tends to flock once on the floor and b) are harder to get to for a quick external pass with the Dyson. I like them for lowering the center of gravity, but less for the dust logistics. Unfortunately, open top fan mounts and top-mount PSU just can't be had together. And I count myself lucky with a tiled floor, imagine this with a carpet...

Apart from the PSU, most of the heat generation starts a little higher up, since the kW worstations only have a top-mounted combination drive bay for 2.5" and 3.5" hot-swap media, mostly use NVMe storage and have nothing blocking the front fans. With the air entering there, the metal grill there gets most of the dust, and while it never looks sparkly, it's literally a few seconds for the routine clean: I've always prefered looking at my screens instead of my computers.

Egg crates and bottom fans may offer some air flow advantages, but I prefer easy clean and shift of machines without having to turn them off: it one of those things I like about (mostly) solid state storage these days, I ain't shifting my RAIDs under power...
 
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The PSUs suck in from the bottom on more modern cases and their filters a) show it's not the best place to draw air from, as the dust tends to flock once on the floor and b) are harder to get to for a quick external pass with the Dyson. I like them for lowering the center of gravity, but less for the dust logistics.
My bottom-mounted cases are older Lian Li models, where the gap between the PSU and the bottom is large enough that the PSU basically doesn't pull any air through that vent. I've never seen those dust filters dirty, but then I've also never maxed the PSUs' output and so their fans wouldn't be running at max RPMs.

When I first saw bottom-mounted PSUs, it made a lot of sense to me that you might get better performance and longevity from your PSU by not having it awash in waste heat from the rest of your system. Because PSUs exhaust out the back of the case, it seemed a natural place to put it. I also like how much easier it is to work in the case, and it also leaves the top and upper back of the case available for dedicated exhaust fans.

That said, when you have a case with little "headroom" and a motherboard with some connectors at the top edge, it's probably as bad or worse to work with than if you had a top-mounted PSU. I just went through such a situation. I had to connect the board's power cables even before screwing it into the case, because there was no way I could do it after mounting.

one of those things I like about (mostly) solid state storage these days, I ain't shifting my RAIDs under power...
Yeah, I definitely like that only one of my machines has rotating media.