You either have defective hardware or there is still something configured in the switch. Make sure you follow instructions exactly to factory reset the switch.
It is rare but you sometime get groups of ports that fail because 1 chip fails that runs that group. Pretty much you just have a block of ports that is dead. I have not seen one where for example port 1-8 can talk to each other but not any other ports but those ports can also talk to each other.
Still if you have some strange chip failure there is nothing you can really do so you need to hope it is configuration related.