You raise valid concerns about the impact of monopolization and geopolitical maneuvering on technological progress. The balance between protecting national interests and fostering global innovation is a tricky one.
However, it's also important to recognize that competition isn't just about allowing anyone to enter the market freely, it’s also about ensuring fair play. Some of the restrictions and policies the U.S. enforces are driven by concerns over security, intellectual property theft, and the strategic importance of emerging technologies. While it’s true that protectionist policies can sometimes slow down progress, history has also shown that unchecked competition can lead to exploitative practices, lack of ethical oversight, and security risks.
On the topic of monetization, there's no denying that the high cost of cutting-edge technology, especially in industries like AI and semiconductors, creates accessibility issues. But the counterargument is that R&D costs are enormous, and companies need a return on investment to sustain innovation. That said, the lack of competition in certain sectors, like GPUs, does tend to slow down real innovation, as you pointed out with Nvidia. True competition drives better products, more affordable access, and prevents stagnation.
The best way forward is not necessarily eliminating all barriers but finding a middle ground where competition is fair, innovation is rewarded, and technology remains accessible. Ideally, this would involve more global collaboration, however, that also requires trust and accountability on all sides.