1) The higher the frequency the better (until it no longer benefits the CPU)
2) The LOWER the latency (CAS refresh) the better.
3) It's actually a complicated topic, but generally if you know the CPU you can easily choose memory that in DUAL CHANNEL setup is more than sufficient.
For example, if it's a modern Intel i7 then just get 2400MHz and the CAS latency likely will not matter since the frequency is sufficiently high there should be no bandwidth issue talking to the CPU.
You should always investigate your CPU specifically to see what's recommended. So it's hard to answer your question without knowing the CPU.
My i7-3770K @4.5GHz uses "2133MHz CAS9 DDR3" memory in Dual Channel (had two sticks originally for 2x4GB). However, for most applications 1333MHz for a similar CPU gets you most of the performance.
(CAS and frequency values for DDR3 do not translate directly to DDR4)