Mundaneum :
I don't understand the difference. My uncle said Intel cost more for the name. I want to know because next summer I plan on building a PC. Also, could someone explain the execution process mean? And why does a 3.6 GHz 8 core AMD CPU cost $100 less than a 3.4 GHz Quad-core Intel CPU?
The reason you are getting such wildly differing answers, and some interesting takes on modern capitalism, is that the world of CPU's at the moment is far from clear cut, and it's no longer a market dominated by desktops either (or even notebooks).
Firstly, Intel and AMD have chosen very different paths in addressing modern processing requirements. Typically with Intel you get fewer physical cores than AMD, but they do a bit more computing per cycle, hence your correct observation that you can get an 8 core AMD when Intel only offer you 4. This can also explain why in some benchmarks, Intel's fewer cores can produce better results than an AMD with more. What you pay for them will fluctuate depending on where and when you purchase them, but generally AMD's stuff is a bit cheaper.
What you have to do is evaluate at each price point which CPU performs better for the type of work you are going to give it.
You also have to consider the motherboards that go with the CPU's, again, you may find that when you come to buy, one manufacturer has a better overall offering than another.
Both AMD and Intel are as bad as each other at changing CPU sockets, so my advise is usually get the board with the features you need now and expect to replace it with your CPU in a few years time.
To computer enthusiasts AMD do usually come up with some interesting stuff, and the current APU's and FX chips are no exception. You get access to some very powerful compute for less money than Intel; and the fun stuff, such as unlocked chips, are available at a much lower price point.
For pure gamers Intel's current architecture does produce better results, this is why on this site the 'Best Gaming CPU's' section currently has no AMD products in it. This, however, can lead some to think that this makes the Intel CPU's better all round, or that you cannot game on an FX chip, which is not necessarily the case.
The good news is that you really cannot go wrong, any modern multi core processor coupled with a mid range GPU will run any game well in HD and chew though most processing tasks with no problems. What makes modern PC's slow is the hard drive, so make sure you budget for a decent SSD.