malam :
I am glad that the postings above have provided a lot more information about these devices than one could find at the vendor's website. One aspect of the UPS that is still confusing to me is the different types available (off-line, line-interactive etc) and the advantages of each time. Any ideas guys ?
An off-line or standby UPS normally powers the load directly from the line, the battery is off-line and not connected to the load. The battery charging circuits trickle-charge the battery to keep it fresh. When power fails, the UPS switches the load to battery power through the inverter very quickly (typically only a few milliseconds). However, there is a measurable period of time when the load is not actually powered. In some very cheap designs, the waveform of the inverter is not phase-synchronized to the waveform of the line, so immediately after the switch to battery power, there can be high inrush currents in capacitive and inductive loads.
Because the load is normally powered from the line, the load bears any power variations, including over- and under-voltage conditions, and variations in frequency or waveform shape. When these parameters exceed some specification, the UPS will switch to battery power.
Some UPS's are labeled as "line-interactive", which is essentially the same thing as an off-line UPS, but does have some ability to regulate the voltage of the load when the load is being powered from line power.
An on-line UPS (sometimes called a "double conversion" UPS) continuously powers the load through the battery. The line power always is rectified and used to charge the battery, and the battery power is always run through an inverter to power the load. When power fails, the only thing lost is the battery charging circuit. The battery and inverter continue operation to power the load with no interruption and no phase-synchronization issues.
Since the UPS's inverter circuit is always powering the load, its regulators are responsible for the output voltage and frequency, so the load is never affected by voltage and frequency variations on the line.
Another difference between consumer grade UPS's and higher end models is the output waveform shape while on battery power. Cheap UPS's use a square-wave output, which is only suitable for powering devices containing DC power supplies, or devices that are agnostic about the waveform shape, like a incandescent light bulb. Better UPS's use a stepped waveform, which approximates utility power. Most line-interactive and enterprise-level UPS's output a pure sine wave. A pure sine wave UPS is the only one that can safely run any type of AC motor (unlikely to be connected to a UPS, but possible).