Code is stored (HDD) then read in clumps at a time (RAM) before passed to be 'processed' (CPU) on what to do with it (print it send to printer, draw a jeep send to GPU, send the posting to Tomshardware use the NIC, etc.), all these relying on PERFECT power when demanded (PSU) to do any of the tasks or work harder when necessary. So there is many steps to just 'running BF4' or any application, BUT BF4 pushes and utilizes both the CPU and GPU more then any game before and is not 'coded' the same way as Word or Chrome, etc.
If the HDD has bad code stored (corrupt drivers, Windows corrupted, bad BF4 install, etc.) or is failing (code read and passed to the RAM is garbled/out of order/etc.) then the entire process after it relies on that 'bad information'. The normal process to deducing the issues are software or hardware is a step by step process, first, your computer over all performance of the components, does it support the game (many do not really well) and yours should be rendering at High Level (only no Ultra) for around 50fps. Well then lets look at at some basics, which is where ONLY this game has a issue, then delete the game and reload: Didn't fix the problem you said. Okay well then what BF4 relies on (HDD, Windows, Drivers, the GPU, PSU powering it all) what is happening when it tried to work (since we know it is a 'good install').
Looking at the GPU turn off all OC, lets just do 'basics' first then work to 'extreme' settings later. Didn't help, but that your clocking was throttled in half makes me suspect the GPU might be failing OR the PSU is 'undervolting' and would be a PSU failure. Well let's check temps then, all looks normal, okay could the drivers somehow got corrupted to cause this? Well we established the 'change' was moving from one place to another, and WAS working fine at one place but not the other. Okay lets check all connects make sure nothing got loose. Let then test NOT online but SP mode, maybe the Internet at Mom's has a issue (since it is when trying to load maps on MP) but even in SP there is a issue. Hmm could the RAM (remember we are looking at how the DATA we know is properly installed isn't working on the GPU) be a issue, okay stress test it and comes up clean and no other games or programs are having this issue.
So we eliminated a few common and less common problems but what we have left are serious changes we will need to make, some would include a 'cost'. Okay so lets try everything else impossible first before we have to do the changes and / or buy new stuff.
Okay lets eliminate components then: run HDTune or similar HDD analysis and see what it says, does the drive pass?
Okay then let's ensure the drivers are good, do the uninstall, driversweeper, reboot, then install the 13.11 Beta, does it resolve now?
If no then the load / demand is so much, could the GPU be failing under the demands? Yes possible, would need to test with another GPU and see if it is the computer (software/Windows) or is it the GPU (had some that the card was failing under BF4 but worked for 'less stressing games').
If the load / demands are so much, could the PSU be failing? Yes possible, would need to test with another PSU.
If the PSU, GPU, RAM, HDD are all fine, then we are down to Windows itself has something corrupted for the game (and can't be resolved but one way) OR the MOBO/CPU are failing somewhere under the load. Okay to avoid replacing those, then let's run DBAN and wipe the computer, then reinstall clean Windows, Drivers and Apps. IF during this we get any errors, then the HDD (under this much stress) is showing it's problems even if HDTune says it was okay. If we do all this and STILL have a problem with a CLEAN windows install eliminated all the other parts, then all that is left is the Mobo/CPU.
Does this help?