yes. the higher the resolution, the more graphical rendering that needs to be done.
also the refresh rate and response times will effect performance. if you are using a 75Hz 1024p display and switch to a 60Hz 1080p display you may notice the 60Hz display seems a bit slower because it's refresh rate is a bit lower. also switching from a 1ms to a 5ms response time could also produce quite a noticeable difference.
what GPU are you using?