I had an issue where i was unable to access any of my usb drives, including phones. The fix for me was to check in Group Policy if ''All Removable Storage Access: Deny All Access'' is enabled.
If you already use or can create an "Administrator" user account you may follow this: To access Group Policy console open "Run" (Win+R), type in gpedit.msc and hit "Enter". Then go to "Computer Configuration/Administrative Templates/System/Removable Storage Access" looking for All Removable Storage Access: Deny All Access and check its status. Default setting is "Not Configured" which covers common use.
Mine was "Not Configured", which is correct...however i thought why not changing it to "Disabled" to force it into a configuration where it could NOT deny access. It did not fix the issue. Then I changed it back to "Not Configured" and suddenly i can access all my drives again. No idea how my system glitched out with this issue, but i hope this works for you too!
Also, do the same for ''User Configuration/Administrative Templates/System/Removable Storage Access" settings.