Before proceeding, check the jumper on the HDD. The drive will have printed on it a diagram of how to set the jumper. Since this is the only IDE unit connected to that adapter, I expect you should set the jumper to make the drive a Master device (or Master with no slave present, if that's an option). I also expect that the adapter requires you to connect a power supply to the HDD. Some adapters do this for you, but others require you to connect a 4-pin Molex power connector from the PSU to the IDE drive unit.
There are few items here that confuse me.
1. You say it's "really old" and from a DVD writer (copier?) machine. Then you say you have information (from what?) that its File system is NTFS. That File System became quite prominent in the early 2000's with the intro of Win XP, although it certainly had been in use before that. So, how "really old" is this drive?
2. When I saw the "really old" comment I thought of older IDE HDD units that might not be detected automatically by the IDE controllers and BIOS. Such units had a set of setup parameters printed on the unit - things like the Cylinders, Heads, and Sectors specs, perhaps with added items like a Head Parking track number. When those HDD's were installed, you often had to enter those specs by hand on the BIOS screen which showed the HDD's present and detected. Today's systems, instead, automatically detect HDD units and their requirements, based in part on reading such data from the HDD unit itself. So, does the BIOS Setup screen show you this IDE unit as a valid hardware drive on that screen with other drives? Does it seem to get the correct info in terms of name, size and characteristics? If the BIOS can't figure it out, no OS will be able to use it.
3. IF the BIOS screen gets it wrong AND the HDD has those Cylinder / Head / Sector specs printed on it, you can do two things:
(a) enter those specs yourself on that BIOS screen - to do that, you may have to tell the BIOS that this HDD is a Type 47.
(b) Go to one of the last BIOS pages and look for an option to Automatically Detect a HDD. This menu choice usually does a more thorough examination of the HDD unit, and if successful it MAY detect the right settings, or it MAY offer you a choice of several possible settings. If you get choices, write them down. Now choose one, SAVE and Exit to boot. See if you can READ the HDD that way (Do NOT write to it!) If you cannot, repeat the process of manually Detecting the unit and try a different set of proposed parameters.