The point is supposed to be that government represents the people. It sets rules on their behalf and enforces those rules on their behalf. In this case the government, on behalf of the people, has passed laws to ensure fair competition in the marketplace. The inherent assumption of both the people and the government is that if the playing field (marketplace) is level the people will win by having choices that are not unfairly dictated or mandated by a large corporate entity.
The only issue here *should* be whether Intel violated those laws that keep the playing field level. If they did then the government has the responsibility to collect a fine on behalf of their people (on the assumption that those people are harmed by violations of the laws). The money should not go to AMD or any other corporate entity. By going to the government it is, at least indirectly, going to the people and hopefully will be spent responsibly on programs those people value.
I know this whole post is hopelessly optimistic *sigh*. Politics, greed, ignorance and FUD will always have their parts on this stage as well.