The old drive also has Win10 on it. The only thing cloned here is the 118 GB partition. I couldn't figure out how to clone the OS so I installed the OS separately.
That was the wrong way to go about it.
The 'clone' wiped out the install you did. It overwrote it completely, and you have the old install anyway.
Does the system work 100% from ONLY the old drive?
If so, I recommend starting over.
If it does NOT work with only the old drive, we can go down that road instead.
The small EFI partition is just the boot info. Windows itself resides in the large 118GB.
-----------------------------
Specific steps for a successful clone operation:
-----------------------------
Verify the actual used space on the current drive is significantly below the size of the new SSD
Download and install
Macrium Reflect (or
Samsung Data Migration, if a Samsung SSD)
If you are cloning from a SATA drive to PCIe/NVMe, install the relevant driver for this new NVMe/PCIe drive.
Power off
Disconnect ALL drives except the current C and the new SSD
Power up
Run the Macrium Reflect (or Samsung Data Migration)
Select ALL the partitions on the existing C drive
If you are going from a smaller drive to a larger, by default, the target partition size will be the same as the Source. You probably don't want that
You can manipulate the size of the partitions on the target (larger)drive
Click on
"Cloned Partition Properties", and you can specifiy the resulting partition size, to even include the whole thing
Click the 'Clone' button
Wait until it is done
When it finishes, power off
Disconnect ALL drives except for the new SSD
This is to allow the system to try to boot from ONLY the SSD
Swap the SATA cables around so that the new drive is connected to the same SATA port as the old drive
Power up, and verify the BIOS boot order
If good, continue the power up
It should boot from the new drive, just like the old drive.
Maybe reboot a time or two, just to make sure.
If it works, and it should, all is good.
Later, reconnect the old drive and wipe all partitions on it.
This will probably require the commandline diskpart function, and the clean command.
Ask questions if anything is unclear.
-----------------------------