WIKIPEDIA:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cool%27n%27quiet
Cool'n'Quiet is a CPU speed throttling and power saving technology introduced by AMD with their Athlon 64 processor line. It works by reducing the processor's clock rate and voltage when the computer has low utilization. The aim of this technology is to reduce overall power consumption and lower heat generation, allowing for slower (thus quieter) cooling fan operation. Hence the name Cool'n'Quiet. The technology is similar to Intel's SpeedStep technology and AMD's own PowerNow! scheme, however these were developed with the aim of increasing laptop battery life.
Due to their different usage; Cool'n'Quiet on desktop and server chips, while PowerNow! is used for mobile chips — the technologies are similar, but not exactly equivalent. This technology was also introduced on "e-stepping" Opteron's, however it is called Optimized Power Management, which is essentially a re-tooled Cool'n'Quiet scheme designed to work with registered RAM.
Cool'n'Quiet requires processor drivers / Cool'n'Quiet software to be installed in order to correctly work in Windows, but is supported by the powernow-k8 option in modern Linux kernels.
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http://www.amd.com/us-en/Processors/TechnicalResources/0,,30_182_871_9706,00.html
2005 - AMD Athlon™ 64 Cool'n'Quiet Driver Version 1.50.03 Linux - AMD Athlon 64 Cool'n'Quiet Driver Version 1.50.03 for Linux 2.6 series kernels. Provides support for AMD Cool'n'Quiet technology for Linux systems. Adds support for 2.6.10 and later kernels. Requires cpufreq-1.20, cpuspeed-1.20.1, or powersaved-0.8.19 or later to support SMP and dual-core systems.
2006-
AMD Athlon™ 64/FX Processor Driver for Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 Version (x86 and x64 exe) 1.3.2.16 - Allows the system to automatically adjust the CPU speed, voltage and power combination that match the instantaneous user performance need. Download this Setup Installation program (EXE) to automatically update all the files necessary for installation. This package is recommended for users whom desire a graphical user interface for installation. This .EXE driver is a user friendly localized software installation of the driver designed for end-users. This driver supports AMD Athlon 64/FX processors on Windows XP SP2, Windows 2003 SP1 x84 and x64 Editions.
AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Cool'n'Quiet Software for Windows ME and Windows 2000, Version 1.0.8.1 - AMD Cool'n'Quiet! Technology allows the system to dynamically and automatically select the CPU speed, Voltage and Power combination that match the instantaneous user perfomance need. These changes can happen as often as 30 times per second. Note: This driver is for Desktop Athlon 64 systems only.