Does going up from 1680x1050 to 1920x1080 really make a big difference?
First thing is I would suggest is not listening to anybody that talks about a bottleneck that is more of a unexperienced term for a limit of part of the PC and can change to a different limited part using the PC for different tasks.
From the very poor userbenchmark program, that compares your PC parts to others with the same hardware but is very poor since if I had the same processor as you but had mine overclocked I would score much higher than you without yours being overclocked.
When you ran the benchmark you already had almost 1/3 of your processor in use. You need to go into the startup menu and stop all programs that are not needed. (you could of had a few chrome tabs open making the results wrong) and not need to change anything.
Your memory showed to be @2133 but it could not detect the actual memory you were using (another fault of that site) with your parts I would think your memory is faster than 2133 if so you need to enable XMP profile in BIOS. On a Intel platform the speed is not as important as a AMD platform but it still helps to have faster memory.
Now for a answer to your actual question.
Your processor can only run any game depending on the game engine at a certain FPS (very few setting changes in game can affect that)
Your video card usage will depend on a couple things.
1. The game engine using your processor as from above it will be only put out X amount of FPS regardless of the monitor used or so called resolution.
2. The higher resolution monitor you use the higher % of the video card will be used (again your CPU can do X FPS with a game but your video card can put out X FPS at the monitor resolution and in game settings)
In general at a low resolution your processor is maxed out to put out the max FPS it can and the video card is just coasting nothing to do. If you increased the monitor resolution the CPU would be still maxed out but the video card would be used more still not increasing the FPS.
This would continue if you keep increasing the resolution till the video card could no longer put out the FPS that the processor could.