photo 1 - IF the damage is through the PCB its a no go. It could affect the tracing. the second photo you can see the copper exposed in many spots and the components damaged doesnt look too bad but there are many to replace.
I typically wouldnt suggest any extended warranties but in the case of GPU and the lack of supply it might be a good idea. Heck you might even get an upgrade if they cant repair.
I bought a Galax RTX 3080 bundle from galaxstore.net a few months ago. There was no queues, no waiting list, no bots. However, I had to be quick as the supply was limited as you can imagine.
SOunds like a power issue. Can you test the GPU in another PC OR test a different GPU in the same system. Make sure you are not running OC in mobo settings or in windows apps.
Apart from increasing the fan speeds you could check system settings in windows and check to see if there is an Asus app that controls performance or GPU. OR if everything looks good , buy a laptop cooler.