Sorry, no. There are two RGB lighting system designs used widely in computer cases these days, and they are NOT compatible with each other. Your mobo has the simpler system called just plain RGB. Its header has 4 pins to provide a common +12 VDC supply and three individual Ground lines for the three LED colours in a strip. Your lighting strip is the more complex type called Addressable RGB or ADDR RGB or ARGB with three connections to it - Ground and +5 VDC supply, and a Control Line. There is no way to convert or adapt one type to another.
You can buy separate controllers for ADDR RGB lighting systems, but it MUST be for the ADDR RGB type. The simpler ones are small boxes with a cable connection (or sometimes a separate remote control...