I was getting really hight temp readings. The bios read 62C at idle. Speedfan and Everest sometimes read the same 19C or 52C at idle for no particular reason. The first time I used CoreTemp, it said: 85C! Shutdown computer immediately!! I put these down to a faulty sensor, ect, as the reading were all over the map.
But I thought I would check the heatsink one last time and loosened and tightened each peg, finally I was sure that all the pegs were clicked in...And what do you know? My temp readings are now completely normal! CoreTemp, Bios and Speedfan all read 38C at idle and about 41C at heavy load. Dummy me, the heatsink was loose all this time! I had been running my E6300 with no heatsink for the past 3 weeks, with insanely high temps...(anybuddy want to buy a slightly used E6300, never overclocked, promise!

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See, we told you bro
I have done this many times before, usaully when I first get a new cpu, I get over excited to get it up and running, so in the past, I forget to clamp down the cooler firmly.
I doubt you damaged your chip, however if your chip was really running as hot as it actaully said, you might of taken away from the chips life span.
Also, you may of never been running that hot as it said, and could of been saying your were because the HSF was not locked in, and sensors were mis calibrated.
Your chip should of shut down at those temps, which leads me, and others here to beleive that you were never really running that hot to begin with.
My core 2 6700 shut down when I did the same thing you did. Heh, I sold that one on Ebay, got an extreme week 26 chip B2 on the way