Thank you very much! That confirms what I suspected.
Your ping time is the same as you're getting from the xbox so your computer is taking the same path as the xbox. This is important as we need to be on the same path to diagnose properly.
The trace route shows a significant jump between hop 18 and 22. These IPs are owned by Microsoft. Guessing from the domain names assigned to these IP addresses, it seems like you are inside the US at this point since 'mia' (Miami) and 'atl30' (Atlanta) as before this big gap. That just means there's an issue at Microsoft internally.
What I would do is keep this ping up on your computer with the command
ping -t xeas.xboxlive.com
When you see the ping time drop back to what you normally see, your gaming experience will be back to normal. Aside from that there is nothing you can do from your end unfortunately.