Math Geek :
MSI releases a ton of card models based on a couple pcb's (12 gtx 1080 models alone!!). generally clock speeds seem to be the difference along with a couple of different cooler configs. my question is why? the consensus seems to be that the pcb's are built and then binned for the various models. is this the case? or is it something else that determines the various models if anything at all differentiates them?
This has to do with the positioning of the cards and there are a lot of factors involved many of which are related to each other. The most entry level card (usually reference) has the least efficient cooling and comes without any overclock.
From there, we work on improving the cooling of the cards which brings some extra cost which results in the Armor series.
However most people want the best thermal design along with (RGB) LED and a backplate, but a product that's still affordable. That's where the GAMING series with TWIN FROZR VI is positioned.
In case people want water-cooling, we have several solutions (AIO or block) for them. For most models there are the OC versions and the non-OC version, since some GPU’s just can’t clock like others. With better cooling, higher clocks can be reached.
By addressing these various feature sets, it's easy to end-up with 12 or more SKUs. Besides that, we also have special models for China (the Duke – Google it!) and we're never done releasing new SKUs.