If the fans are several years old it MIGHT be fan bearings worn. To narrow down further, take off that top cover again to access the fans while they are running. Try using the eraser on the end of a pencil to stop one fan briefly, and see if that eliminates the noise. Also try using that tool to push on the mounting frame in a few spots to see if something other than a fan is vibrating. This may help identify clearly what is rattling.
As a fan runs its bearings wear slowly - that is, the sleeve bore gets a little wider, allowing too much clearance between the shaft and the bearing sleeve. The first clear sign of this after several years comes only when your system is completely cooled off, including the fans. When first started up the...