its understandable why you did it. I tend to see patterns here too. Unlikely an AMD system will have same issues as Intel but I guess you could try some of below.
opening poster: have you put any other parts back into PC since build? did you put the old drives back in or do you get that black screen with just the m.2 attached? just wondering if motherboard has added the older drives to boot order or something like that.
Did you change anything in bios since install? like boot order or anything?
Does PC freeze like this if you boot off USB?
put USB in PC
in bios, on the save & exit screen, set boot override to USB - this will let PC boot off it one time, it will reset order back to defaults after it starts next time
boot from installer
on screen after languages, choose repair this pc, not install.
could try startup repair
choose troubleshoot
choose advanced
choose start up repair - this will scan PC and maybe fix this - will ask for logon info
Could try chkdsk
choose troubleshoot
choose advanced
choose command prompt
type chkdsk c: /f and press enter
2 paragraphs will pop up, agree to run at startup and restart. ir should pop up before windows tries to load and get stuck.
I would suggest Safe Mode except it doesn't work off USB boot
if you got multiple drives, wonder if the sata & M.2 combination table in motherboard manual (on page 32) comes into play. which m.2 slot are you using on board?